Overview of Status Epilepticus and Prolonged Seizures in Epilepsy

Summary for Physicians:

Definition of Status Epilepticus:
Status epilepticus is defined as a seizure that persists for more than 5 minutes or recurrent seizures without full recovery of consciousness between episodes. This clinical threshold emphasizes the need for prompt intervention to prevent neuronal injury and systemic complications.

Definition of a Prolonged Seizure:
A prolonged seizure refers to a single epileptic episode lasting longer than the typical duration, generally accepted as greater than 5 minutes. It may or may not meet the criteria for status epilepticus but warrants urgent evaluation and treatment.

Impact on Quality of Life:
Prolonged seizures can significantly impact patient quality of life by increasing the risk of the following:

• Neuronal injury and cognitive impairment

• Psychological stress and anxiety about recurrence

• Limitations in daily activities, driving, and employment

• Social isolation and reduced independence

Early recognition and management are critical to improving long-term outcomes and minimizing the burden of disease.